[Zhongbo.com] 1. Formation of silicate
From the raw material to the glass liquid, it must pass through the process of forming the silicate. When the batch material enters the kiln, as the temperature increases, the adsorbed water in the batch material becomes steam and runs away. The crystallization water and bound water of some components in the batch also vaporize and evaporate.
When the temperature is continuously increased to 300~400C, soda ash, limestone and the like in the batch material are thermally decomposed to form alkali metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide and carbon dioxide;
When the temperature is raised to 800-900 C, the components in the batch and some of the reaction products react with carbon dioxide to form various silicates.
2. Formation of glass
The formation of glass is a continuation of the silicate formation process. As the temperature increases (1200~1250C), the silicates begin to melt, while the unmelted quartz sand and other particles are also completely melted in the silicate melt. In the body, a glass solution is formed.
3. Clarification of the glass
In the process of glass formation, the glass liquid is very uneven, and contains a large number of bubbles and streaks. The so-called clarification is the process of eliminating the visible bubbles in the glass, even if the bubbles float on the surface of the glass, in order to accelerate the clarification, in addition to the use of clarifying agent In addition, measures to increase the temperature of the molten glass are generally employed.
4. Homogenization of molten glass
This process is generally carried out simultaneously with clarification. The purpose of homogenization is to eliminate streaks by convection, diffusion, particle motion and agitation of bubbles, so that the chemical composition and temperature of the glass are uniform.
5. Glass liquid cooling
The temperature of the molten glass after clarification and homogenization is still very high, up to about 1500C. At this time, the viscosity of the glass liquid is very low, the fluidity is large, and it is not suitable for the glass forming operation, and needs to be cooled until it is suitable for molding.
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