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The ancient seals worn by the Sultans in ancient times, the robes that passed through, the heads of several great emperors of the Roman era, the stone mirrors adorned with jewels in the 17th century courts, the Greek-style women's statues, the Quran boxes made of ivory and wood. The blue-and-white porcelain “Anatolian civilization: from the Neolithic Age to the Ottoman Empireâ€, which was purchased from China through the Silk Road, is currently on display at the Shanghai Museum. This is the first time that Turkey has held a cultural relic exhibition in China.
The Anatolian Peninsula was once the seat of the city of Troy in Homer's Epic, and the ancient empire of Hittite, which was born here, relied on the unique iron-smelting technique to become the hegemon of the Eastern Mediterranean, and then the Eastern Roman Empire and The Ottoman Empire also left a rich and wonderful collection of artifacts and works of art.
According to Chen Haojun, director of the Shanghai Museum, the "Anatolian Civilization" special exhibition is an important part of the 2013 China "Turkey Culture Year". The Topkapi Old Palace Museum, the Turkish and Islamic Art Museum, and the Istanbul Museum of Archaeology, together with three prestigious Turkish museums, present 122 exquisite artifacts to the Chinese audience. The exhibition is divided into three parts - "Ancient Anatolia and Thrace", "Turkish, Islamic Anatolia" and "Ottoman Empire".
The first part introduces the history of the ups and downs of Anatolia from prehistoric to classical times and its material and cultural products. The Hittite Empire is the first centralized empire that appeared on this land. It was the first country in the West Asia to invent iron and use iron. The embellished cans hidden in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum, the neck is decorated with a prismatic pattern, criss-crossing, undulating, is a rare handicraft. In this part of the Chinese-language boutique also includes griffin statues, women's statues and so on. Among them, the head of Akades the Great portrays the facial features of the Great in his 20s. The narrow, long face is surrounded by hair that is drawn with very fine lines, and the eyelids and eyeballs are made in a linear process. The mud board "marriage contract" of 1900 BC recorded a couple of marriage couples stating that "the house is a common property of two people."
The second part shows another major turning point in the history of Anatolia. The integration of Central Asian and East Asian elements in Anatolian's native culture has entered the process of Turkicization and Islamization. One of the most striking exhibits in this section is the bronze candlestick in the collection of the Turkish and Islamic Art Museum, which is decorated with gold and silver inlays. The surface of the candlestick is engraved with circular patterns, entertaining scenes and musicians. It was transferred to the museum by the Great Mosque of Ulu in Nixar.
The third part is the art of the Ottoman court. The centralization of the Ottoman Empire created a unified national art style. This part of the exhibit includes artifacts and utensils that symbolize power and reflect the life of the court and harem. As a symbol of power and political power in the Eastern and Western cultures, the treasures, the jewels on the headscarves and the feathered head ornaments, the jeweled flasks, the swords and the ink cartridges symbolize the glory and prosperity of the Ottoman Empire. Religious objects such as the Qur'an, the prayer rugs, prayer cloths, rosary beads, holy land compasses, and pilgrimage letters reflect the religious beliefs of the empire. The bathing supplies used in the bathhouses of the Ottoman Imperial Palace are also quite artistic. Exhibits related to China are also a major attraction. Relevant literature and information prove that celadon was widely used in the Ottoman courts and inns from the 15th to the 19th century.
According to the Turkish Ambassador to China Essen, the reporter said: "These were all during the Ottoman Empire. The Sudan was specially purchased in China through the Silk Road. This shows the historical exchange between Turkey and China." There was a Chinese Ming Dynasty period. The celadon plate has a carved surface on the inner edge surface, and a large leaf-shaped flower sculpture in the middle dark ring. In addition, a jewellery plate is arranged with a studded rose-shaped gold groove in the middle of the two rows of leaf-shaped gold wires. The ruby ​​in the groove adds color and a sense of activity to the unpatterned appearance of the container. The Ottoman Empire placed precious jewellery on Chinese porcelain, forming a unique Ottoman art.
The head of the Turkish Tourism Ministry, Ozko Oz Aslan, described Anatolia as “a big fan†because: “It is the perfect combination of Eastern culture and Western culture. The Chinese audience through these artifacts on the one hand You can appreciate the cultural essence of Anatolia, and on the other hand, you will witness how different cultures live in harmony."
The exhibition was hosted by the National Cultural Relics Bureau of China, the Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the China Cultural Relics Exchange Center, the Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Museums of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Turkey and the Shanghai Museum. The exhibition will be completed on February 20, 2014.
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